If you deleted your eSIM, you can install it again using the same QR code or activation codes from your purchase. You can find them in your purchase confirmation email.
If your eSIM is still installed on a broken phone, it cannot be transferred to another device.
An eSIM can be installed on only one device at a time. Breaking the phone does not automatically delete the eSIM from that device. If the phone does not turn on and you cannot delete the eSIM from its settings, the eSIM remains linked to that phone.
In this case, you will need to buy a new eSIM for your new phone.